ASTM B 280, Type ACR, annealed temper, seamless copper tube. The walls of copper pipe, however, are too thin and soft to be threaded, so a different sort of fitting is used, called . It is best to avoid lead solders, as they are toxic. Copper air lines- 50/50 or 95/5 solder? - Practical Machinist I use an oxygen and acet. When sweating or soldering copper pipe, we've been asked about using either propane or MAP gas. It is typically made of tin or led, which is melted using a hot iron or torch. How to Solder, or sweat, to connect copper pipes for water supply lines. Soldering, also known as "sweating," is a method of joining two pieces of copper together (usually water lines). Heat the Fitting. Torch Fuel You have a couple of options when it comes to selecting the fuel type for your soldering torch. We also recommend a tube cutter, flame protector cloth (see opening photo) and heavy gloves and eye protection. A simple Benzomatic or similar propane torch will do the 1 inch pipe. It certainly will not solder a 1 inch copper pipe. To solder copper tubing, you'll need lead-free solid core solder, some solder flux, and a propane or acetylene air torch. Step 6 - Apply a thin layer of high quality silver tinning flux to all surfaces you will be soldering. Using high heat, a plumber joins the pipes with filler metal called solder, which is a flexible metal wire, and a paste called flux, which draws the melted solder into the joint helping to properly seal the connection or joint. There's only about 3.5% silver in the solder (you can get higher amounts but it gets more expensive) but that small amount helps with strength. What kind of solder do you use for copper pipe? Stop the trickle of water with a pipe plug. ASTM B 837, Type GAS, annealed temper, seamless copper tube. Click to see full answer. 15. It is called a cold solder joint. Step 7 - Light up your propane torch. This type of torch is used to join copper plumbing pipe, tubing and fixtures. Soldering is a process of joining different types of metals together. our shop has over 300 ft of 1'' black pipe header with 3/4'' copper drops for a paint booth, cnc plasma table and 4 techs plenty of flow in a 1'' main for our use, anything over that is over kill if your insisting on 1 1/2'' do it, but slope your pipe for proper drainage with drain points and valves. However, if you plan to replace the copper pipe with a new one, then you can skip to Step 6 right away. It is approved for gas almost anywheres. A pencil torch coupled with igniters is a good pick for copper pipes of½-inch, or even 3/4-inch. Step 7 - Light up your propane torch. Connections are made between sections of iron pipe using threaded fittings. All three parts of the flame should be blue; if the flame is orange, turn gas down. In the soldering process, heat is applied to the copper joint where the pipe and fitting meet and the gap between the joint is filled with molten metal. Copper fitting is connected to a copper pipe using soldering method. Use CSST (corrugated stainless steel tube). Chrome pipe can be cut with a pipe slice or an hacksaw, but a hacksaw is preferred because chrome pipe is so tough that it will soon damage the blade on a pipe slice. There are many types of flux for many types of work, but to sweat joints in a potable (safe to drink) water system you must use a water base flux intended for potable use. No matter how long I heat it with the butane torch, the solder melts but will not stay on the pipe. hELP PLEASE????? I have an older house. Flux is a chemical which helps you solder. Tired of soldering? 1. For steam systems constructed using copper tube of Types K or L, the maximum allowable pressure at which the system could be designed would be 120 psig. 1/2″ Copper Pipe; Learning how to solder copper pipe starts with cutting and prepping. All three parts of the flame should be blue; if the flame is orange, turn gas down. (Copper No. Total run of over 200 ft. This heat creates an electrical bond with the copper pipe. When the pipe is heated, touch the soldering wire to the joint. Copper pipes and other copper parts can be soldered using various metals with low melting points. Solder: Also called soldering wire, this is what melts and flows into the joint between two pieces of copper pipe. It is typically made of tin or led, which is melted using a hot iron or torch. ASTM B 88, Types K and L, annealed temper, seamless copper tube. Check out this handy video tutorial on how to join copper pipe with "Just For Copper" pipe glue. Your best option is to use a silver solder. A copper pipe is one of the most common materials used to distribute water throughout the home, and copper pipes are typically joined to one another using flux and solder. If you have air dryers then using copper is not important in my opinion. Acid core solders are most often used in plumbing applications to join metal pipes or sheet metal. It is best to avoid lead solders, as they are toxic. What type of solder is best for copper pipe? 15. Otherwise, you're working on existing copper pipes that need a fitting soldered on. Put copper cutters over the cut line and tighten the cutters. 4. Click to see full answer. our shop has copper air lines for almost 50 years. The flux will turn to liquid and the pipe will change color slightly. This is what the flux does. This is very useful in areas where a blowtorch cannot be used. To connect copper tubing and pipe, one of the best methods is to use solder and a . Re: Soldering copper Gas Line; Author: Fatman (NJ) Forget soft copper and black iron pipe. What that translates to is you will heat up the pipe quicker allowing you to solder faster. Heat up the joint you wish to solder using the inner flame tip moving it slowly around so you heat up fitting evenly. Mechanically clean the wires by abrasion. Make at least eight turns. When the pipe is heated, touch the soldering wire to the joint. Electrical solders have a lower melting point (around 360˚F), while solders used in plumbing have higher melting points . No copper solder is a perfect match, but if used as directed, this is a huge step forward. A plumber uses a ProPress to fit a pipe joint and itself is a trading name used by Manufacturer Viega, but there are also other companies manufacturing the ProPress type fittings. To solder, heat is applied by a torch or other means, such as to the joint between a copper pipe and a pipe elbow, and once sufficiently heated, solder can be placed at the joint and will melt and flow to seal the joint and provide a strong bond between the copper pipe and the pipe elbow. If you need to cut the pipe, use a tube cutter and clamp the pipe firmly, rotating it around the pipe. If you're soldering drainage pipe you can use 50/50 solder, but if it's used for drinking water you need the 95/5 type. The Case for MAP Gas Over Propane The two types of flux most often used for sweating copper pipe are paste flux and liquid flux. Materials needed to solder the pipe and fitting together are: Pipe cutter - cuts the copper tubing to a desired length. Soldering is the process of using a melted filler metal (solder) to join your desired pieces of metal. Solder connects pipes in household plumbing. MAPP gas comes in a yellow tank and propane comes in a blue tank. Solder the Joint. Keeping this in view, what kind of torch do you use to solder copper pipe? You should NOT own an acid-based flux unless you are a plumber or sheet metal worker. (See pictures.) Items that are required include, self igniting flame torch. MAPP gas, usually a bit more expensive, gets much hotter than propane, so heats the pipe faster. For electronics, use rosin-based solder. You won't use this type of solder too often. After the solder has cooled, wipe away any excess, making sure that solder completely encircles the joint, with no gaps. But excess solder can puddle inside pipes, restricting water flow, and can form small balls that break loose and damage faucet valves. Take your time and start with a small flame, just large enough to go most of the way around the pipe. The kind of flame used is another reason why problems are encountered when soldering copper pipe. How much solder to use on copper pipe? All new solder integral solder ring fittings have an integral ring of lead free solder inside and this will flow in a perfect ring around the join when they are cleaned fluxed . The new pipe and connectors melt the solder and flux, coating the entire joint in seconds. Propane is the standard fuel tank of choice. I personally use type L and silver solder the 175 psi lines. The old pipe will not cover "tin" or solder. For electronics soldering, the most commonly used type is lead-free rosin core solder. Types of Copper Tube Table 1, page 20, identifies the six standard types of copper tube and their most common applications.2 The table also shows the ASTM Standard appropriate to the use of each type along with a listing of its commercially available lengths, sizes and tempers. Uncle Charlie must have done a good job at the time. Pipe Sweating The Type Of Used Torch. It will be free of elements you don't want entering your drinking water. The new pipe and connectors melt the solder and flux, coating the entire joint in seconds. What Type of Solder is Used for Copper Pipe? Once you have removed the copper pipe, wipe the end with a wet rag to remove the solder. If your house was built before 1986, your plumbing may have lead solder. The solder will be drawn to the flux between the fittings and pipe for a perfect seal. In 1986, the U.S. mandated a lead-free solder for plumbing, so the age of your house and knowledge of when the plumbing was installed can help you. Get the Right Copper Pipe. Make sure you get the inside of any fittings and outside of all copper pipes. There are various techniques for both types of soldering and everyone develops their own in the field but it is important to follow the basics of soldering when joining the piping together. The walls of copper pipe, however, are too thin and soft to be threaded, so a different sort of fitting is used, called . Type "L" w/ pressure ftgs and 95/5 solder. Acid core solders are most often used in plumbing applications to join metal pipes or sheet metal. When the pressure drops to 120 psi or less I solder with 50/50. Doing so will harden the solder making it impossible to put back the copper pipe together without re-heating it. Click to see full answer. Traditionally, lead alloys have been used for soldering copper, but these have fallen from favor in recent years due to lead poisoning concerns. Soldering is a technique used most frequently for plumbing repairs and installations, but can also be used to create jewelry, connect circuit wires or automotive repair. 1/2″ Copper Pipe; Learning how to solder copper pipe starts with cutting and prepping. End feed by its very name means you feed the solder in via the end of the fitting and pipe join line. Today, copper water pipes are soldered with lead-free flux and silver alloys. If you have done the job right, a droplet of solder will be at the bottom of the joint. It's very easy to use with proper instructions. Copper does a much better job of cooling the air thus letting the water separators do their job. It's useful when you're making joints with steel, like when connecting copper lines to steel, or connecting steel to steel. This 18 gauge AWG (.032"/1.02mm) copper wire solder provides the best color match on the market today. It is a specialist skill; however, it is not that difficult to master. The small butane torches, such as the one sold at Radio Shack work well for small jobs, like soldering landing gear and, with the tip, some electrical work. The flux will turn to liquid and the pipe will change color slightly. This type of solder is usually made up of a Tin/Copper alloy. Be sure to have all the proper soldering equipment to complete the job. Worthington 331760 Wire Solder Canfield 50/50 Stained Glass Solder Oatey 22004 95/5 Wire CMP Lead-Free Solder WSP95512501 95/5 Canfield 95/5 Lead-Free Wire Solder Worthington 85325 Sterling Lead-Free Solder Shark 12015 1-Pound Industries Lead-Free Wire Solder Victory White Metal Stained Glass Solder Keep going until the seam in the joint looks "full" all the way around but don't overfill. As the pipe heats up, touch the end of the solder to the joint at ninety degrees from the source of the flame. Solder the Joint. The solder will melt right into the joint. What is soldering? Torch. However it will require a higher melting point than a 50/50 solder. Usually fuelled by propane, and functions as metal heating medium. Soft Soldering for soldering water pipes and brazing or silver soldering for soldering refrigeration piping. The torch will be closer to the joint, but the flame is wrapped around the copper pipe. Now reassemble the still. My two favorite tools are the AutoCut tube cutter and Ridgid No. Copper Pipe: If you're making a repair, you'll need a short stretch of copper pipe. You can use a heat gun or flameless soldering tool but they heat up copper pipe very slowly and some may not have enough energy to solder larger diameter pipes. Wire brush - cleans the inside of the fitting and removes a thin oxide layer . The old pipe will not cover "tin" or solder. A conical flame can focus too much heat in once place, leading to unwanted burning. Regarding this, do you need flux to solder copper pipe? Besides, can you use a butane torch to solder copper pipe? It's important not to skip this step! What type of materials do you guys use to solder 2" copper pipe/fittings with?? This is a rigid, pressure-type joint that is suitable for any type of installation for which the piping itself is acceptable. Thread the copper fitting over the end of the pipe. Read on to follow our step-by-step guide in successfully soldering copper wire. Solder/BRAZING THE JOINTS ARE TAKING WAY TO LONG. You can use the soldering method on copper by using the right type of solder and working carefully to rejoin the wires. Cutting Copper Pipe Use copper cutters to cut your pieces of pipe. If you try to solder without flux you'll notice the solder will not adhere to the copper very well or not at all. When operating the torch, make sure that you are not soldering at very high temperatures as that may lead to a severed flux and, subsequently, a damaged copper pipe. Do not be tempted to use an abrasive disk and angle grinder to cut the tube as copper particles can be toxic. Now reassemble the still. Use about 1/2 in. How Do You Solder Copper Pipes Together? Clean the inside of each fitting with a wire brush 2. Pressure runs up to 185#. It flows and melts around the same temperature as hard-grade silver solder, so you can easily solder links, small bezels, and other basic joins with a butane micro torch. So let's get started ;D. Cutting and Prepping Copper Pipe (it's more fun than Legos) There are many different tools used to cut copper pipe. If the pipe is horizontal, apply the solder to the top of the pipe. Solder it together. It comes on a spool. Generally installed in 1/2- or 3/4-inch diameters, the pipe usually comes in 8- or 12-foot lengths. The old copper pipe seems thicker and darker than the new, and wont solder for anything. Connections are made between sections of iron pipe using threaded fittings. I recently got a chance to play with copper solder, and I LOVE it!This awesome copper solder is 7% phosporous (and 93% copper), which makes it self-fluxing. Solder can be split generally into two categories; lead-based solders (usually a combination of lead and tin) and newer lead-free solders, which use tin along with other metals such as silver, copper, bismuth, or antimony. Preparation: Preparation of soldering material, pipes, and ventilated space is important before we even explore into how to solder copper tubes. As shown in Tables 3a and 3b of the Copper Tube Handbook , the lowest maximum operating pressure for Type L copper tube is 127 psig (corresponds to 12-inch nominal Type L tube in annealed form). 2.3 - PIPE AND TUBE FITTINGS A. Wrought Copper, Solder-Joint Pressure Fittings: ASME B16.22 B. It depends on the use of your pipe. Soldering copper pipe is a plumbing project most people can do themselves with a Bernzomatic torch and just a few essential, inexpensive materials. This heat creates an electrical bond with the copper pipe. Copper piping has proven to be long lasting in the installation of both hot and cold water supply lines. Just For Copper is a solderless bonding solution for copper pipes and fittings. The torch needed for soldering copper can be propane or MAPP gas (methylacetylene-propadiene propane).MAPP gas comes in a yellow tank and propane comes in a blue tank.MAPP gas, usually a bit more expensive, gets much hotter than propane, so heats the pipe faster. 2. Other coppers may also be used. a lead free solder. The solder will roll around in an instant. The process of joining copper pipe and fitting is called soldering (or sweating), which is a critical step in the copper installation process. ProPress is a system for connecting copper pipes. For example, you might use this on service valves that bolt on to a compressor. HVACR Pipe Soldering Brazing - In HVACR there are two major types of soldering done. tanks, I set them at 5 and 15, today I purchased 15% silver solder stick, square, 1/8". Cast Copper Alloy, Solder-Joint Pressure Fittings: ASME . Make a mark on the pipe where you want to make your cut. It melts and flows at 1460°F (793°C). That crapfrom the past. Copper pipes used for plumbing have a larger diameter than the size indicated. The tools and type of filler materials vary from a soldered joint to a brazed joint, so let's go thru both of them together. Most likely the copper wires are not clean enough or not hot enough. Silver Solder refers to when you're using solder that's around 45 percent silver or higher. Move the torch away and touch the solder to the pipe. As you are practicing the most important part to learn is when to stop applying the solder and pull the flame away. Using type L copper pipe at 100 degrees Fahrenheit as an example, 1/2-inch copper pipe has a maximum working pressure of 1,242 pounds per square inch, the maximum pressure of 3/4 inch is 1,002 pounds per square inch and 1-inch pipe is 850 pounds per square inch. The steps to solder the fitting to the copper pipe are are: Apply flux to the end of the pipe. Also known as a "sweat joint," soldered joints are only used to join plain-end copper or copper alloy pipe with solder end-type copper or copper alloy fittings (seeFigure 1). The main difference between propane or MAP gas is that the MAP is hotter. My two favorite tools are the AutoCut tube cutter and Ridgid No. Step 6 - Apply a thin layer of high quality silver tinning flux to all surfaces you will be soldering. Chemically clean the wires using alcohol or other solvent. When soldering potable water lines, you'll be using this type of solder which is called 95/5. Solder will not cohere to copper pipe unless the copper has been chemically treated to receive it. What exactly is soldering? Lead free solder is best for copper pipes carrying drinking water. Most of the heat from the torch goes into turning the water to steam, so the copper won't get hot enough to melt the solder. Use the torch to heat the outside of the fitting (Image 1). Most pipes are 0.125 inches larger, so one-inch copper pipe measures 1.125 inches in diameter. Deburrer (optional) - most modern pipe cutters have a built-in deburring blade. Here is the 10 best solder for copper pipes. The torch needed for soldering copper can be propane or MAPP gas (methylacetylene-propadiene propane). The purpose of applying flux to the copper fittings is that it cleans away the oxidized coating on the metal and allows the liquid solder to flow and bond to the surfaces. That bolt on to a compressor: apply flux to the joint at ninety degrees from the of! 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